Recent advances in THUMS : development of individual internal organs, brain, small female, and pedestrian model

A finite element model of total human model for safety, which is called THUMS, has been developed in order to study human body responses for impact loads. In previous report, a mid-size adult male occupant model of THUMS was developed and validated for several impact loads. This paper briefly describes recent advances in THUMS. Individual internal organ models and a detailed brain model have been developed to be integrated with the occupant model. In addition to the mid-size male occupant model, a small female occupant model and a mid-size male pedestrian model have been also developed and validated in order to simulate impact responses of female occupants and male pedestrians.